Hooters of America, Inc. is the Atlanta-based operator and franchiser of over
450 Hooters locations in 43 states in the US, Argentina, Aruba, Austria,
Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Columbia, Costa Rica, England, Germany,
Greece, Guatemala, Korea, Mexico, Paraguay, Panama, Peru, Philippines,
Singapore, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, Venezuela and the Virgin Islands. The
privately held corporation owns 122 units.
The first Hooters opened October 4, 1983, in Clearwater, Florida. During its
history, the Hooters concept has undergone very little change. The current logo,
uniform, menu and ambiance are all very similar to what existed in the original
store. This lack of change is understandable given the tremendous success the
Hooters concept has enjoyed. Hooters has continued to rank high amongst the
industry's growth leaders. Hooters has proven successful in small-town America,
major metropolitan areas and internationally.
The casual beach-theme establishments feature “oldies” jukebox music, sports on
television, and a menu that includes seafood, sandwiches, salads and spicy
chicken wings. Hooters, system-wide, generates and averages 69% of its sales
from food, 3% from merchandise, and 28% from alcoholic beverages.
The element of female sex appeal is prevalent in the restaurants, and the
company believes the Hooters Girl is as socially acceptable as a Dallas Cowboy
cheerleader, Sports Illustrated swimsuit model, or a Radio City Rockette. The
Hooters system employs over 25,000 people - over 15,000 of which are Hooters
Girls. The "nearly world famous" Hooters Girls are the cornerstone of the
Hooters concept, and as part of their job, these all-American cheerleaders make
promotional and charitable appearances in their respective communities. Hooters
hires women who best fit the image of a Hooters Girl to work in this capacity.
The chain hires both males and females to work in management and host, staff,
service bar, and kitchen positions. The Hooters Girl uniform consists of orange
shorts and a white tank top, short-sleeve or long-sleeve T-shirt. Pantyhose and
bras are required.
Claims that Hooters exploits attractive women are as ridiculous as saying the
NFL exploits men who are big and fast. Hooters Girls have the same right to use
their natural female sex appeal to earn a living as do super models Cindy
Crawford and Naomi Campbell. To Hooters, the women’s rights movement is
important because it guarantees women have the right to choose their own
careers, be it a Supreme Court Justice or Hooters Girl.
Women occupy management positions all the way from Assistant Manager to Vice
President of Training and Development, Kat Cole, who started her career at
Hooters as a Hooters Girl.
The chain acknowledges that many consider "Hooters" a slang term for a portion
of the female anatomy. Hooters does have an owl inside its logo and uses an owl
theme sufficiently to allow debate to occur over the meaning's intent. The chain
enjoys and benefits from this debate. In the end, we hope Hooters means a great
place to eat.
Hooters characterizes itself as a neighborhood place, not a typical family
restaurant. Sixty-eight percent of customers are male, most between the ages of
25-54. Hooters does not market itself to families, but they do patronize the
restaurants. Ten percent of the parties we serve have children in them. Hooters
is in the hospitality business and provides the best possible service to anyone
coming through the door. For this reason, the chain offers a children's menu.
According to ever-increasing sales figures, the Hooters concept must be
acceptable to a large majority of American consumers. Hooters believes critics
of the concept are a vocal minority of politically correct minded individuals.
This group sometimes states the concept "constitutes a hostile work
environment," but just the opposite is true.
Hooters of America, Inc. has taken a pro-active lead in the industry addressing
issues raised by individual acts of sexual harassment. Hooters of America, Inc.,
like all responsible corporations, deplores such acts and prohibits this
behavior in the workplace. The company has a long-standing non-harassment policy
forbidding unwelcome physical or verbal behavior, and specifically mentions
sexual harassment. This policy includes a confidential reporting system for
complaints, including a toll-free phone number. Since 1983, Hooters has employed
over 250,000 Hooters Girls, and while even one incident is too many, this large
number of employees, compared to the limited number of sexual harassment
lawsuits filed, indicates this policy works.
For a distinctly different reason, Hooters ran into problems with the Equal
Employment Opportunities Commission (EEOC) in 1991. The agency brought forth a
commissioner's charge against Hooters claiming its hiring practices discriminate
against men. Following an intensive four-year investigation the EEOC determined
what executives had told them all along, Hooters only hires women as Hooters
Girls. On November 15, 1995, the chain took the EEOC's charge public with a 100
Hooters Girl march on Washington D.C. Hooters received support from the nation's
media, calling the charge "another example of ridiculous government waste," and
some 500,000 Hooters customers supported the chain by sending postcards to
Congress.
Because of this action, 23 members of the 104th Congress, led by Rep. Charles
Norwood (R- Ga.), wrote the EEOC requesting it drop this matter. On May 1, 1996,
news reports announced that the federal agency would not pursue litigation. To
date, Hooters has not received formal notification from the EEOC, however
believes the matter is concluded.
But this was not the end of the legal issues surrounding the Hooters Girl. A
group of men in Chicago and a group in Maryland brought forth class action
lawsuits challenging the Hooters restaurant chain's right to hire only women in
front-of-house positions. On November 25, 1997, federal magistrate Morton Denlow
in Chicago approved a settlement of these class actions. Under the parties'
agreement, Hooters will continue to be allowed to hire only women for the job of
Hooters Girl.
Most importantly, the settlement agreement acknowledged that "being female is
reasonably necessary" to the performance of the Hooters Girl's job duties,
forever preserving the integrity of the Hooters Girl concept.
Sex appeal is legal and it sells. Newspapers, magazines, daytime talk shows, and
local television affiliates consistently emphasize a variety of sexual topics to
boost sales. Hooters marketing, emphasizing the Hooters Girl and her sex appeal,
along with its commitment to quality operations continues to build and
contributes to the chain's success. Hooters' business motto sums it up, "You can
sell the sizzle, but you have to deliver the steak.”
The Hooters system uses television ads, the Hooters Magazine and Hooters Girl
billboards to advertise the concept. The chain even introduced its own Hooters
MasterCard Credit Card in 2005.
It also generates awareness through successful sports partnerships with the
National Golf Association Hooters Tour and the United Speed Alliance Hooters Pro
Cup racing series. These properties enjoy extensive television coverage and fan
support. Other sponsored sports properties include Formula One powerboat racing
and an AMA Motorcycle Team.
In 2003 the Hooters Brand literally took to the skies when Hooters Air Airline
was launched. At its peak the airline served 15 cities including Nassau and Las
Vegas. While Industry problems grounded the carrier in 2006, the venture will
forever be a part of airline lore. In 2006, the Hooters Casino Hotel in Las
Vegas was opened at the site of the former San Remo Hotel. The 700 room property
provides a Hooters experience with beautiful Hooters Girls and a comfortable,
casual atmosphere.
Hooters not only reaches the sports fan, but reaches out to the communities in
which it operates. The Hooters Community Endowment Fund (HOO.C.E.F.) raises
money for local and national charities such as the Jimmy V Foundation for Cancer
Research, Make-A-Wish Foundation, the U.S.O., Special Olympics, American
Diabetes Association, Juvenile Diabetes Foundation and Muscular Dystrophy
Association. Since 1992, HOO.C.E.F. has raised more than $8 million for these
and other worthwhile organizations. A portion of this money comes from a VIP
grand opening party each location holds to benefit a local charity. These
openings generate thousands annually and prepare staff for the hungry customers
to come.
The first years have been a “Hoot” and the chain looks forward to a bright
future. The company has no plans to alter the concept and feels doing so would
be a tremendous disservice to its franchisees, employees, and customers.