Hooters of America, Inc. is the
Atlanta-based operator and franchiser of over 455 Hooters locations in 44 states
in the US, Argentina, Aruba, Austria, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China,
Columbia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, England, Germany, Greece, Guatemala,
Korea, Mexico, Paraguay, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, South Africa,
Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, Venezuela and the Virgin Islands. The privately held
corporation owns 120 units.
The first Hooters opened October 4,
1983, in Clearwater, Florida. During its history, the Hooters concept has
undergone very little change. The current logo, uniform, menu and ambiance are
all very similar to what existed in the original store. This lack of change is
understandable given the tremendous success the Hooters concept has enjoyed.
Hooters has continued to rank high amongst the industry's growth leaders.
Hooters has proven successful in small-town America, major metropolitan areas
and internationally.
The casual beach-theme
establishments feature “oldies” jukebox music, sports on television, and a menu
that includes seafood, sandwiches, salads and spicy chicken wings. Hooters,
system-wide, generates and averages 68% of its sales from food, 4% from
merchandise, and 28% from beer, wine and spirits.
The element of female sex appeal is
prevalent in the restaurants, and the company believes the Hooters Girl is as
socially acceptable as a Dallas Cowboy cheerleader, Sports Illustrated swimsuit
model, or a Radio City Rockette. The Hooters system employs over 25,000 people -
over 17,000 of which are Hooters Girls. The "nearly world famous" Hooters Girls
are the cornerstone of the Hooters concept, and as part of their job, these
all-American cheerleaders make promotional and charitable appearances in their
respective communities. Hooters hires women who best fit the image of a Hooters
Girl to work in this capacity. The chain hires both males and females to work in
management and host, staff, service bar, and kitchen positions. The Hooters Girl
uniform consists of orange shorts and a white tank top. Pantyhose and bras are
required.
Claims that Hooters exploits
attractive women are as ridiculous as saying the NFL exploits men who are big
and fast. Hooters Girls have the same right to use their natural female sex
appeal to earn a living as do super models Cindy Crawford and Naomi Campbell. To
Hooters, the women’s rights movement is important because it guarantees women
have the right to choose their own careers, be it a Supreme Court Justice or
Hooters Girl.
Women occupy management positions
all the way from Assistant Manager to Vice President of Training and
Development, Kat Cole, who started her career at Hooters as a Hooters Girl.
The chain acknowledges that many
consider "Hooters" a slang term for a portion of the female anatomy. Hooters
does have an owl inside its logo and uses an owl theme sufficiently to allow
debate to occur over the meaning's intent. The chain enjoys and benefits from
this debate. In the end, we hope Hooters means a great place to eat.
Hooters characterizes itself as a
neighborhood place, not a typical family restaurant. Sixty-eight percent of
customers are male, most between the ages of 25-54. Hooters does not market
itself to families, but they do patronize the restaurants. Ten percent of the
parties we serve have children in them. Hooters is in the hospitality business
and provides the best possible service to anyone coming through the door. For
this reason, the chain offers a children's menu.
According to ever-increasing sales
figures, the Hooters concept must be acceptable to a large majority of American
consumers. Hooters believes critics of the concept are a vocal minority of
politically correct minded individuals. This group sometimes states the concept
"constitutes a hostile work environment," but just the opposite is true.
Hooters of America, Inc. has taken
a pro-active lead in the industry addressing issues raised by individual acts of
sexual harassment. Hooters of America, Inc., like all responsible corporations,
deplores such acts and prohibits this behavior in the workplace. The company has
a long-standing non-harassment policy forbidding unwelcome physical or verbal
behavior, and specifically mentions sexual harassment. This policy includes a
confidential reporting system for complaints, including a toll-free phone
number. Since 1983, Hooters has employed over 300,000 Hooters Girls, and while
even one incident is too many, this large number of employees, compared to the
limited number of sexual harassment lawsuits filed, indicates this policy works.
For a distinctly different reason,
Hooters ran into problems with the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission
(EEOC) in 1991. The agency brought forth a commissioner's charge against Hooters
claiming its hiring practices discriminate against men. Following an intensive
four-year investigation the EEOC determined what executives had told them all
along, Hooters only hires women as Hooters Girls. On November 15, 1995, the
chain took the EEOC's charge public with a 100 Hooters Girl march on Washington
D.C. Hooters received support from the nation's media, calling the charge
"another example of ridiculous government waste," and some 500,000 Hooters
customers supported the chain by sending postcards to Congress.
Because of this action, 23 members
of the 104th Congress, led by Rep. Charles Norwood (R- Ga.), wrote the EEOC
requesting it drop this matter. On May 1, 1996, news reports announced that the
federal agency would not pursue litigation. To date, Hooters has not received
formal notification from the EEOC, however believes the matter is concluded.
But this was not the end of the
legal issues surrounding the Hooters Girl. A group of men in Chicago and a group
in Maryland brought forth class action lawsuits challenging the Hooters
restaurant chain's right to hire only women in front-of-house positions. On
November 25, 1997, federal magistrate Morton Denlow in Chicago approved a
settlement of these class actions. Under the parties' agreement, Hooters will
continue to be allowed to hire only women for the job of Hooters Girl.
Most importantly, the settlement
agreement acknowledged that "being female is reasonably necessary" to the
performance of the Hooters Girl's job duties, forever preserving the integrity
of the Hooters Girl concept.
Sex appeal is legal and it sells.
Newspapers, magazines, daytime talk shows, and local television affiliates
consistently emphasize a variety of sexual topics to boost sales. Hooters
marketing, emphasizing the Hooters Girl and her sex appeal, along with its
commitment to quality operations continues to build and contributes to the
chain's success. Hooters' business motto sums it up, "You can sell the sizzle,
but you have to deliver the steak.”
The Hooters system uses television
ads, the Hooters Magazine and Hooters Girl billboards to advertise the concept.
The chain even introduced its own Hooters MasterCard Credit Card in 2005.
It also generates awareness through
successful sports partnerships with the National Golf Association Hooters Tour.
The NGA enjoys extensive television coverage and fan support. Other sponsored
sports properties include Formula One powerboat racing and an AMA Motorcycle
Team.
In 2003 the Hooters Brand literally
took to the skies when Hooters Air Airline was launched. At its peak the airline
served 15 cities including Nassau and Las Vegas. While Industry problems
grounded the carrier in 2006, the venture will forever be a part of airline
lore. In 2006, the Hooters Casino Hotel in Las Vegas was opened at the site of
the former San Remo Hotel. The 700 room property provides a Hooters experience
with beautiful Hooters Girls and a comfortable, casual atmosphere.
Hooters not only reaches the sports
fan, but reaches out to the communities in which it operates. The Hooters
Community Endowment Fund (HOO.C.E.F.) raises money for local and national
charities such as the Jimmy V Foundation for Cancer Research, Make-A-Wish
Foundation, the U.S.O., Operation Homefront, Special Olympics, American Diabetes
Association, Juvenile Diabetes Foundation and Muscular Dystrophy Association.
Since 1992, HOO.C.E.F. has raised more than $8 million for these and other
worthwhile organizations. A portion of this money comes from a VIP grand opening
party each location holds to benefit a local charity. These openings generate
thousands annually and prepare staff for the hungry customers to come.
In 2006 Hooters partnered with the
V Foundation for Cancer Research and established a $2 Million Breast Cancer
Research Grant in the name of Kelly Jo Dowd, 1998 Hooters Calendar Cover Girl,
Manager, and Cancer Fighting Symbol, who spent the last years of her life
battling breast cancer. Hooters met the $2 Million mark in 2009 and continues to
raise money for the cause annually.
Hooters partnered with Operation
Homefront in 2009 to establish The Valentine Fund in honor of fallen hero SOCS
Thomas J. Valentine. The fund supports the families of Special Forces service
members and other military families. Hooters has donated $200,000 to the fund.
The first years have been a “Hoot”
and the chain looks forward to a bright future. The company has no plans to
alter the concept and feels doing so would be a tremendous disservice to its
franchisees, employees, and customers.